Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is a complex eating
disorder characterized by a persistent avoidance or restriction of food intake,
leading to inadequate nutrition and significant weight loss or failure to gain
weight in children. Unlike other eating disorders like anorexia nervosa,
individuals with ARFID typically do not have concerns about body image or fear
of gaining weight. Instead, the avoidance or restriction of certain foods may
be due to sensory sensitivities, aversions to specific textures, colors, or
smells, or concerns about potential adverse consequences of eating, such as
choking or vomiting. ARFID can lead to nutritional deficiencies, impaired
growth, and developmental delays, particularly in children and adolescents.
Treatment often involves a multidisciplinary approach, including nutritional
counseling, behavioral therapy, exposure therapy to desensitize aversions, and
addressing any underlying psychological or medical issues contributing to the
disorder. Early intervention is crucial to prevent long-term health
complications and promote a healthy relationship with food.
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