Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a progressive
neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of abnormal
protein deposits called Lewy bodies in the brain's nerve cells. These deposits
primarily affect areas involved in cognition, motor control, and autonomic
function.
DLB shares many similarities with both
Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Its symptoms include fluctuating
cognition, visual hallucinations (often detailed and involving people or
animals), spontaneous Parkinsonism (such as tremors and rigidity), and REM
sleep behavior disorder (acting out dreams).
Diagnosis is challenging due to overlapping
symptoms with other dementias, but key indicators include early visual
hallucinations and Parkinsonism within a year of cognitive decline. Treatment
focuses on managing symptoms with medications to address cognitive
fluctuations, hallucinations, and movement difficulties. Supportive care,
including therapy and assistance with daily activities, is crucial for managing
the progressive nature of DLB and improving quality of life for patients and
their families.
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