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Energy expenditure refers to the total amount of
energy a person uses to maintain bodily functions and perform activities
throughout the day. This includes three main components: basal metabolic rate
(BMR), the energy required for maintaining basic physiological functions at
rest; physical activity, which encompasses all forms of movement from daily
tasks to exercise; and the thermic effect of food, which is the energy used to
digest and process food.
Energy expenditure varies based on factors such
as age, sex, body composition, and activity level. Individuals with higher
levels of physical activity or greater muscle mass typically have higher energy
expenditure. Monitoring energy expenditure is crucial for managing body weight
and overall health. For instance, balancing energy intake with expenditure is
key for maintaining, losing, or gaining weight. Tools like fitness trackers and
metabolic rate measurements can help individuals understand and manage their
energy expenditure effectively.
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