Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) involves a
comprehensive evaluation of a child's behaviour and development. There are no
medical tests, like blood tests, for diagnosing ASD. Instead, diagnosis relies
on behavioural assessments and developmental screenings. Parents and caregivers
often first notice signs of ASD in early childhood, such as delayed speech,
lack of eye contact, or repetitive behaviours. Pediatricians may use screening
tools during routine check-ups to identify early signs. If ASD is suspected, a
referral to a specialist, such as a developmental pediatrician, psychologist,
or neurologist, is made for a detailed evaluation. This assessment typically includes
observing the child's behaviour, interviewing parents, and reviewing the
child's developmental history. Standardized diagnostic tools, such as the
Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and the Autism Diagnostic
Interview-Revised (ADI-R), are often used. Early diagnosis is crucial for
accessing early intervention services, which can significantly improve outcomes
for individuals with ASD.
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