Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorder (CRSWD) is a
condition characterized by disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle that are out of
sync with the typical 24-hour day-night cycle. Individuals with CRSWD may
experience difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up at the
desired time, leading to significant impairment in daytime functioning. This
disorder can manifest in various forms, such as delayed sleep phase disorder,
advanced sleep phase disorder, irregular sleep-wake rhythm disorder, or
non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder. The causes of CRSWD can be multifactorial,
including genetic predisposition, environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and
underlying medical conditions. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough
evaluation of sleep patterns, often using sleep diaries, actigraphy, and
sometimes polysomnography. Treatment strategies may include behavioral
interventions, such as establishing a consistent sleep schedule and avoiding
stimulating activities before bedtime, as well as the use of light therapy or
medication in some cases. Management aims to synchronize sleep-wake patterns
with the desired schedule, improving overall sleep quality and daytime
alertness.
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